On 1 December 2016, adelphi researchers and the former Minister of Environment of Peru, Manuel Pulgar-Vidal, discussed the challenges and opportunities of a low-carbon transition during the closing event of the ECC Exhibition at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP).
The Exhibition Environment Conflict and Cooperation (ECC) in Lima ended with a panel discussion on Low-Carbon Economic Transition: the Role of International Cooperation. It was co-organised by adelphi, the Peruvian NGO Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (SPDA) and the university organisation Clima de Cambios, with support of the German Federal Foreign Office. The event welcomed speakers Daria Ivleva (Research Analyst, adelphi), Stephan Wolters (Senior Project Manager, adelphi), and Manuel Pulgar-Vidal (Climate and Energy Lead, WWF and former environmental minister of Peru).
Daria Ivleva thanked the project partners and the event participants for the opportunity to show the exhibition at PUCP, as this kind of public outreach “is one of the ways to enhance transboundary cooperation in order to support better resource management and to show the possibilities for collaboration”.
Ivleva maintained that the ECC Exhibition is highly relevant in the South American context, because, despite the region’s diversity, it faces common challenges, such as land use change, forest degradation, water resource management, urbanisation, all of which lead to the question how development choices exert pressure on environmental resources. The specific exhibition module on South America looks into these issues, and also offers insights on the water, energy and food nexus. These interconnections are crucial to understand the impacts of climate change.
She stated: “We have to reflect on the development paths we follow, including lifestyles and economic structures we maintain, in terms of their environmental and societal impacts, as well as tensions which may arise and that can potentially undermine the legitimacy basis of the political system itself.”
Stephan Wolters spoke of the importance of a low-carbon economic transition and the implications for the implementation of the Paris Agreement. Existing national mitigation commitments are not sufficient to keep the global temperature increase below 2°C. “There is still much to do, and this is also a task for international cooperation and climate diplomacy,” he said, adding “I do have hope that we will be able to raise ambition, for economic reasons: according to studies, up to 90 % of the measures to embark on the 2°C pathway are net-beneficial for national economies.”
Wolters highlighted the fact that more economic mitigation measures are possible in Peru than the NDC accounts for, which means, there is potential for intensifying climate action. “The transition is not easy and many challenges persist, for instance, path dependency (is the tendency to maintain the present economic equilibrium, because a change would imply additional effort),” he pointed out.
Manuel Pulgar-Vidal gave a comprehensive overview of the international climate policy framework and its latest developments, especially the Paris Agreement. Referring to the Agreement, he insisted that “one has to understand it in its entirety: what it means to have finally reached this agreement and what this achievement represents”. At the same time, the future of the Agreement depends on the same elements that made it possible. “The one million question is whether the Paris Agreement is a good agreement. And my answer to this is that it definitely is, because it includes the right elements to maintain a long-term perspective. Obviously, it does not solve all the problems immediately, but it does establish a process that puts the world on the path of gradual compliance with the objectives of the Agreement.”
At the end, Pulgar-Vidal highlighted the role of science in climate politics. “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was not only able to provide a more reliable scientific knowledge base, but also to give policy recommendations, which I think is fundamental: to turn science into a means for political decision-making.”
Explore the online version of the exhibition. Here you can find out more about environmental challenges, specifically in Latin America.
Since 2005, the ECC exhibition visited over 40 cities in 17 countries. It was conceived and realised by adelphi as a touring exhibition at the initiative of the German Federal Foreign Office, and is currently part of the Climate Diplomacy initiative. The regional module on South America was developed in collaboration with Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano (FFLA).
This article is available in Spanish on the website of Clima de Cambios. You can also find more impressions from the closing event on Flickr and Facebook.
To fight illegal coca plantations and conflict actors’ income sources, Colombia’s president wants to loosen the ban on aerial glyphosate spraying. However, considering the dynamics of organised crime, the use of toxic herbicides will not only fail to achieve its aim, it will have many adverse effects for the environment and human health, fundamentally undermining ways to reach peace in the country. International cooperation and national policy-makers need to account for this peace spoiler.
As India grapples with the worsening impacts of climate change, the need to strengthen its adaptation efforts has become more significant than ever. Climate diplomacy and mainstreaming climate adaptation into the most vulnerable sectors could provide some solutions to overcoming barriers, such as the lack of sustainable funding.
“Climate Security risks will materialise in very different ways and forms, whether we talk about Lake Chad or about the Arctic, Bangladesh and the Small Island Developing States,” said the EU’s Ambassador to the United Nations in New York, Joao Vale de Almeida, in his opening remarks. “But for the EU, there is no doubt, as underlined in 2016 in our Global Strategy, and reaffirmed by the 28 Ministers of Foreign Affairs, that climate change is a major threat to the security of the EU and to global peace and security more generally,” he said.
The challenges facing the international community are growing while the willingness to cooperate seems to be waning. Foreign policy must help bridge this gap. One way to accomplish this is by pushing forward a major achievement of multilateralism: the 2030 Agenda and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. At a side event during the 2019 High-Level Political Forum, diplomats and policy experts discussed the role of foreign policy in the global sustainability architecture.